Please wait a minute...
干旱区科学  2012, Vol. 4 Issue (1): 85-94    DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1227.2012.00085
  学术论文 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
The migration of total dissolved solids during natural freezing process in Ulansuhai Lake
Yan ZHANG1, ChangYou LI1, XiaoHong SHI1, Chao LI1,2
1 Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China;
2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5710, USA
The migration of total dissolved solids during natural freezing process in Ulansuhai Lake
Yan ZHANG1, ChangYou LI1, XiaoHong SHI1, Chao LI1,2
1 Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot 010018, China;
2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY 13699-5710, USA
下载:  PDF (833KB) 
输出:  BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)      
摘要 High total dissolved solids (TDS) content is one of the most important pollution contributors in lakes in arid and semiarid areas. Ulansuhai Lake, located in Urad Qianqi, Inner Mongolia, China, was selected as the object of study. Temperatures and TDS contents of both ice and under-ice water were collected together with corresponding ice thickness. TDS profiles were drawn to show the distribution of TDS and to describe TDS migration. The results showed that about 80% (that is 3.602×108 kg) of TDS migrated from ice to water during the whole growth period of ice. Within ice layer, TDS migration only occurred during initial ice-on period, and then per-ished. The TDS in ice decreased with increasing ice thickness, following a negative exponential-like trend. Within under-ice water, the TDS migrated from ice-water interface to the entire water column under the effect of concentration gradient until the water TDS content was uniform. In winter, 6.044×107 kg (16.78% of total TDS) TDS migrated from water to sediment, which indicated that winter is the best time for dredging sediment. The migration effect gives rise to TDS concentration in under-ice water and sediment that is likely to affect ecosystem and water quality of the Yellow River. The trend of transfer flux of ice-water and water-sediment interfaces is similar to that of ice growth rate, which reveals that ice growth rate is one of the determinants of TDS migration. The process and mechanism of TDS migration can be referenced by research on other lakes with similar TDS content in cold and arid areas.
服务
把本文推荐给朋友
加入引用管理器
E-mail Alert
RSS
作者相关文章
Yan ZHANG
ChangYou LI
XiaoHong SHI
Chao LI
关键词:  allometry  beta diversity  species richness  Picea schrenkiana  Tianshan Mountains  Xinjiang    
Abstract: High total dissolved solids (TDS) content is one of the most important pollution contributors in lakes in arid and semiarid areas. Ulansuhai Lake, located in Urad Qianqi, Inner Mongolia, China, was selected as the object of study. Temperatures and TDS contents of both ice and under-ice water were collected together with corresponding ice thickness. TDS profiles were drawn to show the distribution of TDS and to describe TDS migration. The results showed that about 80% (that is 3.602×108 kg) of TDS migrated from ice to water during the whole growth period of ice. Within ice layer, TDS migration only occurred during initial ice-on period, and then per-ished. The TDS in ice decreased with increasing ice thickness, following a negative exponential-like trend. Within under-ice water, the TDS migrated from ice-water interface to the entire water column under the effect of concentration gradient until the water TDS content was uniform. In winter, 6.044×107 kg (16.78% of total TDS) TDS migrated from water to sediment, which indicated that winter is the best time for dredging sediment. The migration effect gives rise to TDS concentration in under-ice water and sediment that is likely to affect ecosystem and water quality of the Yellow River. The trend of transfer flux of ice-water and water-sediment interfaces is similar to that of ice growth rate, which reveals that ice growth rate is one of the determinants of TDS migration. The process and mechanism of TDS migration can be referenced by research on other lakes with similar TDS content in cold and arid areas.
Key words:  allometry    beta diversity    species richness    Picea schrenkiana    Tianshan Mountains    Xinjiang
收稿日期:  2011-09-23      修回日期:  2011-12-06           出版日期:  2012-03-05      发布日期:  2012-01-05      期的出版日期:  2012-03-05
基金资助: 

The onal Natural Science Foundation of China (50569002, 50669004 and 51069007), Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia (200711020604) and Key Project from Department of Water Resources of Inner Mongolia (20080105).

通讯作者:  ChangYou LI     E-mail:  ndlichangyou@163.com
引用本文:    
Yan ZHANG, ChangYou LI, XiaoHong SHI, Chao LI. The migration of total dissolved solids during natural freezing process in Ulansuhai Lake[J]. 干旱区科学, 2012, 4(1): 85-94.
Yan ZHANG, ChangYou LI, XiaoHong SHI, Chao LI. The migration of total dissolved solids during natural freezing process in Ulansuhai Lake. Journal of Arid Land, 2012, 4(1): 85-94.
链接本文:  
http://jal.xjegi.com/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1227.2012.00085  或          http://jal.xjegi.com/CN/Y2012/V4/I1/85
Belzile C, Gibson J A E, Vincent W F. 2002. Colored dissolved organic matter and dissolved organic carbon exclusion from lake ice: implication for irradiance transmission and carbon cycling. Limnol. Oceanogr. 47(5): 1283–1293.

Cox G F N, Weeks W F. 1988. Numerical simulations of the profile properties of undeformed first-year sea ice during the growth season. Journal of Geophysical Research, 93: 12449–12460.

Fang X, Ellis C R, Stefan H G. 1996. Simulation and observation of ice formation (freeze-over) in a lake. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 24: 129–145.

Guri? Nikolaevich I. translation. 2009. Studies in ice physics and ice engineering. Berkeley: Israel Program for Scientific, 86–87.

Feng Y, Ning F Q. 2002. Study on freeze concentration used in making Chinese medicine. Low Temperature Engineering, (4): 43–46.

Gupta S K, Deshpande R D. 2003. Dissolved helium and TDS in groundwater from Bhavanagar in Gujarat: unrelated to seismic events between August 2000 and January 2001. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences: Earth Planet Science, 112: 51–60.

Han T D, Ye B S, Li X Y, et al. 2009. Variations of conductivity and TDS of the runoff at the headwaters of the Urumqi River, Tianshan Mountains. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 31(4): 759–765.

Hu R J, Jiang F Q, Wang Y J, et al. 2007. On the importance of research on the lakes in arid land of China. Arid Zone Research, 24(2): 137–140.

Huang J G, Fu X T, Wang X S, et al. 2009. The distribution characteristics of nutrients and phytoplankton during the icebound season in Changchun. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 29(8): 1678–1683.

Iliescu D, Baker I. 2007. The structure and mechanical properties of river and lake ice. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 48(3): 202–217.

Jiang L J, Lu Y C, Han H W, et al. 2011. Causal analysis on ice layer deformation and slope protection damage of Hongqipao Reservoir. Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, 42(7): 85–89.

Kawamura T, Shirasawa K, Ishikawa N, et al. 2001. Time series observations of the structure and properties of brackish ice in the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Sea. Annals of Glaciology, 33: 1–4.

Li Z J, Riska K. 2002. Index for estimating physical and mechanical parameters of model ice. Journal of Cold Regions Engineering, 16(2): 72–82.

Li Z J, Han M, Qin J M, et al. 2005. States and advances in monitor of ice thickness change. Advances in Water Science, 16(5): 753–757.

Lu P, Li Z, Cheng B, et al. 2010. Sea ice surface features in Arctic summer 2008: aerial observations. Remote Sensing of Envieonment, 114: 693–699.

Martin S. 1979. A field study of brine drainage and oil entrainment in first-year sea ice. Journal of Glaciology, 22(88): 473–502.

Matti L, Pekka K. 2000. The structure and thickness of Lake Pääjärvi ice. Geophysica, 36(1–2): 233–248.

Maykut G A. 1986. The surface heat and mass balance. In: Untersteiner N. The Geophysics of Sea Ice. New York: Plenum Press, 395–463.

Mironov D A, Terzhevik G, Kirillin T, et al. 2002. Radiatively driven convection in ice covered lakes: observations, scaling and a mixed layer model. Journal of Geophysical Research, 107: C43032, doi: 10.1029/2001JC000892.

Nakawo M, Sinha N K. 1981. Growth rate and salinity profile of first-sea ice in the high Arctic. Journal of Glaciology, 27(96): 315–330.   

Olivier L, Pascal T, Eugenie B, et al. 2001. Potential of freezing in wastewater treatment: soluble pollutant application. Water Research, 2(35): 541–547.

Price P B. 2000. A habitat for psychrophiles in deep Antarctic ice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 97: 1247–1251.

Ren C T, Li C Y, Jia K L, et al. 2008. Water quality assessment for Ulansuhai Lake using fuzzy clustering and pattern recognition. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 26(3): 339–344.

Roger P, Gregory A L. 2009. Effect of salt exclusion from lake ice on seasonal circulation. Limnology and Oceanography, 54(2): 401–412.

Tao X D, Shi P J, Li M J. 2001. Study on ecological environment rebuilding and utilization of water resources in arid area of northwest China. Arid Zone Research, 18(1): 18–22.

Thomas D N, Dieckmann G S. 2002. Biogeochemistry of Antarctic sea ice. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review, 40: 143–169.

Vincent W F, Howard-Williams C. 2000. Life on snowball Earth. Science, 287: 2421.

Wang Y J, Sun Z D. 2007. Lakes in the arid areas in China. Arid Zone Research, 24(4): 422–427.

Weeks W F, Lee O S. 1958. Observation on the physical properties of sea ice at Hopedale, Labrador. Arctic, 11(3): 135–155.

Weeks W F, Ackley S F. 1989. The growth, structure and properties of sea ice. In: Untersteiner N. The Geophysics of Sea Ice. New York and London: Plenum Press, 9–164.

Yan C Z, Fan C X, Yang G H, et al. 2004. Prospect and progress of the study on environmental dredging technology of lake sediment. Environmental Pollution & Control, 26(3): 189–193.

Zhou X, Zhang H, Zhao L, et al. 2007. Some factors affecting TDS and pH values in groundwater of the Beihai coastal area in southern Guangxi, China. Environmental Geology, 2: 317–323.
[1] LI Sisi, WANG Quan, LI Lanhai. Interdecadal variations of pan-evaporation at the southern and northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains, China[J]. 干旱区科学, 2016, 8(6): 832-845.
[2] LI Xiliang, HOU Xiangyang, REN Weibo, Taogetao BAOYIN, LIU Zhiying, Warwick BADG. Long-term effects of mowing on plasticity and allometry of Leymus chinensis in a temperate semi-arid grassland, China[J]. 干旱区科学, 2016, 8(6): 899-909.
[3] YANG Zhenjing, ZHANG Yun, REN Haibao, YAN Shun, KONG Zhaochen, MA Keping, NI Jia. Altitudinal changes of surface pollen and vegetation on the north slope of the Middle Tianshan Mountains, China[J]. 干旱区科学, 2016, 8(5): 799-810.
[4] XIA Yong, Paul HOLT, WANG Yaotian, GOU Jun, CAI Xinbin, WANG Chuanbo, DING Peng,. Glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus): a new bird record in Xinjiang, China[J]. 干旱区科学, 2016, 8(5): 815-818.
[5] WU Jing, QIAN Jianqiang, HOU Xianzhang, Carlos A BUSSO, LIU Zhimin, Xing Baozhen. Spatial variation of plant species richness in a sand dune field of northeastern Inner Mongolia, China[J]. 干旱区科学, 2016, 8(3): 434-442.
[6] WANG Puyu, LI Zhongqin, HUAI Baojuan, WANG Wenbin, LI Huilin, WANG Lin. Spatial variability of glacial changes and their effects on water resources in the Chinese Tianshan Mountains during the last five decades[J]. 干旱区科学, 2015, 7(6): 717-727.
[7] XU Wenxuan, LIU Wei, YANG Weikang, WANG Muyang, XU Feng, David BLANK. Impact of great gerbils (Rhombomys opimus) on desert plant communities[J]. 干旱区科学, 2015, 7(6): 852-859.
[8] WU Yanfeng, Batur BAKE, ZHANG Jusong, Hamid RASULOV. Spatio-temporal patterns of drought in North Xinjiang, China, 1961–2012 based on meteorological drought index[J]. 干旱区科学, 2015, 7(4): 527-543.
[9] Li DAI, YiXing FENG, GePing LUO, YanZhong LI, WenQiang XU. The relationship between soil, climate and forest development in the mid-mountain zone of the Sangong River watershed in the northern Tianshan Mountains, China[J]. 干旱区科学, 2015, 7(1): 63-72.
[10] GuiXiang HE, KaiHui LI, XueJun LIU, YanMing GONG, YuKun HU. Fluxes of methane, carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide in an alpine wetland and an alpine grassland of the Tianshan Mountains, China[J]. 干旱区科学, 2014, 6(6): 717-724.
[11] LianLian FAN, Yan LI, LiSong TANG, Jian MA. Combined effects of snow depth and nitrogen addition on ephemeral growth at the southern edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert, China[J]. 干旱区科学, 2013, 5(4): 500-510.
[12] YaoBin LIU, YuanMing ZHANG, Robert S NOWAK, Liliya DIMEYEVA. Diaspore characteristics and ecological adaptation of Bromus tectorum L. from different distribution regions [J]. 干旱区科学, 2013, 5(3): 310-323.
[13] Ke ZHANG, ChunJian LI, ZhongShao LI, FuHai ZHANG, ZhenYong ZHAO, ChangYan TIAN. Characteristics of mineral elements in shoots of three annual halophytes in a saline desert, Northern Xinjiang[J]. 干旱区科学, 2013, 5(2): 244-254.
[14] YuTao ZHANG, JiMei LI, ShunLi CHANG, Xiang LI, JianJiang LU. Spatial distribution pattern of Picea schrenkiana population in the Middle Tianshan Mountains and the relationship with topographic attributes[J]. 干旱区科学, 2012, 4(4): 457-468.
[15] Ke ZHANG, ChangYan TIAN, ChunJian LI. Root growth and spatio-temporal distribution of three common annual halophytes in a saline desert, northern Xinjiang[J]. 干旱区科学, 2012, 4(3): 330-341.
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed