1 College of Water Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; 2 Centre for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 3 College of Water Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on spring wheat growth and yield in arid Northwest China
1 College of Water Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; 2 Centre for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; 3 College of Water Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
摘要 Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to study the effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on spring wheat growth and yield in an arid region of Northwest China. Nine treatments included three salinity levels s1, s2 and s3 (0.65, 3.2, and 6.1 dS/m) in combination with three water levels w1, w2 and w3 (375, 300, and 225 mm). In 2008, for most treatments, deficit irrigation showed adverse effects on wheat growth; meanwhile, the effect of saline irrigation was not apparent. In 2009, growth parameters of w1 treatments were not always optimal under saline irrigation. At 3.2 and 6.1 dS/m in 2008, the highest yield was obtained by w1 treatments, however, in 2009, the weight of 1,000 grains and wheat yield both followed the order w2 > w1 > w3. In this study, spring wheat was sensitive to water deficit, especially at the booting to grain-filling stages, but was not significantly affected by saline irrigation and the combination of the two factors. The results demonstrated that 300-mm irrigation water with a salinity of less than 3.2 dS/m is suitable for wheat fields in the study area.
Abstract: Field experiments were conducted in 2008 and 2009 to study the effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on spring wheat growth and yield in an arid region of Northwest China. Nine treatments included three salinity levels s1, s2 and s3 (0.65, 3.2, and 6.1 dS/m) in combination with three water levels w1, w2 and w3 (375, 300, and 225 mm). In 2008, for most treatments, deficit irrigation showed adverse effects on wheat growth; meanwhile, the effect of saline irrigation was not apparent. In 2009, growth parameters of w1 treatments were not always optimal under saline irrigation. At 3.2 and 6.1 dS/m in 2008, the highest yield was obtained by w1 treatments, however, in 2009, the weight of 1,000 grains and wheat yield both followed the order w2 > w1 > w3. In this study, spring wheat was sensitive to water deficit, especially at the booting to grain-filling stages, but was not significantly affected by saline irrigation and the combination of the two factors. The results demonstrated that 300-mm irrigation water with a salinity of less than 3.2 dS/m is suitable for wheat fields in the study area.
The National Basic Research Program of China (2011CB403406), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51179166) and the Youth Foundation of Taiyuan University of Technology (2012L077)
通讯作者:
ZaiLin HUO
E-mail: huozl@cau.edu.cn
引用本文:
Jing JIANG, ZaiLin HUO, ShaoYuan FENG, ShaoZhong KANG, FenXing WANG, ChaoBo ZHAN. Effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on spring wheat growth and yield in arid Northwest China[J]. 干旱区科学, 2013, 5(2): 143-154.
Jing JIANG, ZaiLin HUO, ShaoYuan FENG, ShaoZhong KANG, FenXing WANG, ChaoBo ZHANG. Effects of deficit irrigation with saline water on spring wheat growth and yield in arid Northwest China. Journal of Arid Land, 2013, 5(2): 143-154.
Ali M H, Hoque M R, Hassan A A, et al. 2007. Effects of deficit irrigation on yield, water productivity, and economic returns of wheat. Agricultural Water Management, 92: 151–161.Anyia A O, Herzog H. 2004. Water-use efficiency, leaf area and leaf gas exchange of cowpeas under mid-season drought. European Journal of Agronomy, 20: 327–339.Ayars J E, Hutmacher R B, Schoneman R A, et al. 1993. Long term use of saline water for irrigation. Irrigation Science, 14: 27–34.Ayers R S, Westcot D W. 1985. Water Quality for Agriculture. Irrigation and Drainage Paper 29 (revised 1). Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.Ben-Asher J, Tsuyuki I, Bravdo B A. 2006a. Irrigation of grapevines with saline water I. Leaf area index, stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthesis. Agricultural Water Management, 83: 13–21.Ben-Asher J, van Dam J, Feddes R A, et al. 2006b. Irrigation of grapevines with saline water II. Mathematical simulation of vine growth and yield. Agricultural Water Management. 83: 22–29.Cai X M, Rosegrant M W. 2003. World water productivity: current situation and future options. In: Kijne J W, Barker R, Molden D. Water Productivity in Agriculture: Limits and Opportunities for Improvement. Oxford: CAB Publishing and Colombo: International Water Management Institute, 163–178.Chauhan C P S, Singh R B, Gupta S K. 2008. Supplemental irrigation of wheat with saline water. Agricultural Water Management, 95: 253–258.Chen Y Q, Li X B, Wang J. 2011. Changes and effecting factors of grain production in China. Chinese Geographical Science, 21(6): 676–684.Datta K K, Sharma V P, Sharma D P. 1998. Estimation of a production function for wheat under saline conditions. Agricultural Water Management, 36: 85–94.De Pascale S, Barbieri G. 1995. Effects of soil salinity from long-term irrigation with saline-sodic water on yield and quality of winter vegetable crops. Scientia Horticulturae, 64: 145–157.El Hafid R, Smith D H, Karrou M, et al. 1998. Morphological attributes associated with early-season drought tolerance in spring durum wheat in a Mediterranean environment. Euphytica, 101: 273–282.Farré I, Faci J M. 2006. Comparative response of maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) to deficit irrigation in a Mediterranean environment. Agricultural Water Management, 83: 135–143.Granier C, Tardieu F. 1999. Water deficit and spatial pattern of leaf development. Variability in responses can be simulated using a simple model of leaf development. Plant Physiology, 119: 609–619.Gupta S K. 1992. Leaching of Salt Affected Soils. Technical Bulletins No. 17. Karnal: Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, 71.Howell T A. 2001. Enhancing water use efficiency in irrigated agriculture. Agronormy Journal, 93: 281–189.Itier B, Flura D, Belabbes K, et al. 1992. Relations between relative evapotranspiration and pre-dawn leaf water potential in soybean grown in several locations. Irrigation Science, 13: 109–114.Jalota S K, Sood A, Chahal G B S, et al. 2006. Crop water productivity of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) –wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system as influenced by deficit irrigation, soil texture and precipitation agricultural water management. Agricultural Water Management, 84: 137–146.Kang Y H, Wang Q G, Liu H J. 2005. Winter wheat canopy interception and its influence factors under sprinkler irrigation. Agricultural Water Management, 74: 189–199.Katerji N, van Hoorn J W, Hamdy A, et al. 1998. Salinity and drought, a comparison of their effects on the relationship between yield and evapotranspiration. Agricultural Water Management, 36: 45–54.Katerji N, van Hoorn J W, Hamdy A, et al. 2000. Salt tolerance classification of crops according to soil salinity and to water stress day index. Agricultural Water Management, 43: 99–109.Katerji N, Mastrorilli M, van Hoorn J W, et al. 2009. Durum wheat and barley productivity in saline–drought environments. European Journal of Agronomy, 31: 1–9.Khosla B K, Gupta R K. 1997. Response of wheat to saline irrigation and drainage. Agricultural Water Management, 32: 285–291.Maas E V, Hoffman G J. 1977. Crop salt tolerance–current assessment. Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division, 103: 114–134.Maas E V, Grattan S R. 1999. Crop yields as affected by salinity. In: Skaggs R W, van Schilfgaarde J. Agricultural Drainage. Agronomy Monograph 38. Madison: ASA-CSSA-SSSA, 55–108.Malash N, Flowers T J, Ragab R. 2005. Effect of irrigation systems and water management practices using saline and non-saline water on tomato production. Agricultural Water Management, 78: 25–38.Mao X S, Liu M Y, Wang X Y, et al. 2003. Effects of deficit irrigation on yield and water use of greenhouse grown cucumber in the North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management, 61: 219–228.Ould Ahmed B A, Yamamoto T, Rasiah V, et al. 2007. The impact of saline water irrigation management options in a dune sand on available soil water and its salinity. Agricultural Water Management, 88: 63–72.Palta J A, Kobata T, Turner N C, et al. 1994. Remobilization of carbon and nitrogen in wheat as influenced by postanthesis water deficits. Crop Science, 34: 118–124.Panda R K, Behera S K, Kashyap P S. 2003. Effective management of irrigation water for wheat under stressed conditions. Agricultural Water Management, 63: 37–56.Saab I N, Sharp R E. 1989. Non-hydraulic signals from maize roots in drying soil: inhibition of leaf elongation but not stomatal conductance. Planta, 179: 466–474.Shalhevet J. 1994. Using water of marginal quality for crop production: major issues. Agricultural Water Management, 25: 233–269.Shani U, Dudley L M. 2001. Field studies of crop response to water and salt stress. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 65: 1522–1528.Singh R B, Chauhan C P S, Minhas P S. 2009. Water production functions of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) irrigated with saline and alkali waters using double-line source sprinkler system. Agricultural Water Management, 96: 736–744. Tedeschi A, Menenti M. 2002. Simulation studies of long term saline water use: model validation and evaluation of schedules. Agricultural Water Management, 54: 123–157.van Hoorn J W, Katerji N, Hamdy A, et al. 1993. Effect of saline water on soil salinity and on water stress, growth, and yield of wheat and potatoes. Agricultural Water Management, 23: 247–265.Yang J C, Zhang J H, Wang Z Q, et al. 2003. Postanthesis water deficits enhance grain filling in two-line hybrid rice. Crop Science, 43: 2099–2108.Yang Y, Timlin D J, Fleisher D H, et al. 2009. Simulating leaf area of corn plants at contrasting water status. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 149: 1161–1167.Zhang B C, Li F M, Huang G B, et al. 2006. Yield performance of spring wheat improved by regulated deficit irrigation in an arid area. Agricultural Water Management, 79: 28–42.Zhang J H, Sui X Z, Li B, et al. 1998. An improved water-use efficiency for winter wheat grown under reduced irrigation. Field Crops Research, 59: 91–98.
2013, Vol. 5 
