Spatial distribution of soil moisture, salinity and organic matter in Manas River watershed, Xinjiang, China
Jilili ABUDUWAILI1, Yang TANG1, Mireban ABULIMITI2, DongWei LIU3, Long MA1
1 State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sci-ences, Urumqi 830011, China; 2 College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830011, China; 3 Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
Spatial distribution of soil moisture, salinity and organic matter in Manas River watershed, Xinjiang, China
Jilili ABUDUWAILI1, Yang TANG1, Mireban ABULIMITI2, DongWei LIU3, Long MA1
1 State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sci-ences, Urumqi 830011, China; 2 College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830011, China; 3 Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China
摘要 With the classical statistical and geostatistical methods, the study of the spatial distribution and its in-fluence factors of soil water, salinity and organic matter was carried out for 0–70 cm soil layers in Manas River watershed. The results showed that the soil moisture data from all soil layers exhibited a normal distribution, with average values of 14.08%–21.55%. Geostatistical analysis revealed that the content of soil moisture had a moder-ate spatial autocorrelation with the ratios of nugget/sill ranging from 0.500 to 0.718, which implies that the spatial pattern of soil moisture is influenced by the combined effects of structural factors and random factors. Remarkable spatial distributions with stripped and mottled features were found for soil moisture in all different soil layers. The landform and crop planting had a relatively big influence on the spatial distribution of soil moisture; total soil salinity was high in east but low in west, and non-salinized soil and lightly salinized soil appeared at the northwest and southwest of the study area. Under the effect of reservoir leakage, the heavily salinized soils are widely distributed in the middle of the study area. The areas of the non-salinized and lightly salinized soils decreased gradually with soil depth increment, which is contrary to the case for saline soils that reached a maximum of 245.67 km2 at the layer of 50–70 cm. The types of soil salinization in Manas River watershed were classified into four classes: the sulfate, chloride-sulfate, sulfate-chloride and chloride. The sulfate salinized soil is most widely distributed in the surface layer. The areas of chloride-sulfate, sulfate-chloride, and chloride salinized soils increased gradually along with the increment of soil depth; the variation range of the average values of soil organic matter content was be-tween 7.48%–11.33%. The ratios of nugget/sill reduced gradually from 0.698 to 0.299 with soil depth increment, which shows that the content of soil organic matter has a moderate spatial autocorrelation. The soil organic matter in all soil layers met normal distribution after logarithmic transformation. The spatial distribution patterns of soil or-ganic matter and soil moisture were similar; the areas with high organic matter contents were mainly distributed in the south of the study area, with the lowest contents in the middle.
Abstract: With the classical statistical and geostatistical methods, the study of the spatial distribution and its in-fluence factors of soil water, salinity and organic matter was carried out for 0–70 cm soil layers in Manas River watershed. The results showed that the soil moisture data from all soil layers exhibited a normal distribution, with average values of 14.08%–21.55%. Geostatistical analysis revealed that the content of soil moisture had a moder-ate spatial autocorrelation with the ratios of nugget/sill ranging from 0.500 to 0.718, which implies that the spatial pattern of soil moisture is influenced by the combined effects of structural factors and random factors. Remarkable spatial distributions with stripped and mottled features were found for soil moisture in all different soil layers. The landform and crop planting had a relatively big influence on the spatial distribution of soil moisture; total soil salinity was high in east but low in west, and non-salinized soil and lightly salinized soil appeared at the northwest and southwest of the study area. Under the effect of reservoir leakage, the heavily salinized soils are widely distributed in the middle of the study area. The areas of the non-salinized and lightly salinized soils decreased gradually with soil depth increment, which is contrary to the case for saline soils that reached a maximum of 245.67 km2 at the layer of 50–70 cm. The types of soil salinization in Manas River watershed were classified into four classes: the sulfate, chloride-sulfate, sulfate-chloride and chloride. The sulfate salinized soil is most widely distributed in the surface layer. The areas of chloride-sulfate, sulfate-chloride, and chloride salinized soils increased gradually along with the increment of soil depth; the variation range of the average values of soil organic matter content was be-tween 7.48%–11.33%. The ratios of nugget/sill reduced gradually from 0.698 to 0.299 with soil depth increment, which shows that the content of soil organic matter has a moderate spatial autocorrelation. The soil organic matter in all soil layers met normal distribution after logarithmic transformation. The spatial distribution patterns of soil or-ganic matter and soil moisture were similar; the areas with high organic matter contents were mainly distributed in the south of the study area, with the lowest contents in the middle.
Jilili ABUDUWAILI, Yang TANG, Mireban ABULIMITI, DongWei LIU, Long MA. Spatial distribution of soil moisture, salinity and organic matter in Manas River watershed, Xinjiang, China[J]. 干旱区科学, 2012, 4(4): 441-449.
Jilili ABUDUWAILI, Yang TANG, Mireban ABULIMITI, DongWei LIU, Long MA. Spatial distribution of soil moisture, salinity and organic matter in Manas River watershed, Xinjiang, China. Journal of Arid Land, 2012, 4(4): 441-449.
Chen H S, Shao M A, Wang K L. 2005. Desiccation of deep soil layer and soil water cycle characteristics on the Loess Plateau. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 25(10): 2491–2498.Chen L D, Qi X, Zhang X Y, et al. 2011. Effect of agricultural land use changes on soil nutrient use efficiency in an agricultural area, Beijing, China. Chinese Geographical Science, 21(4): 392–402.Chien Y J, Lee D Y, Guo H Y, et al. 1997. Geostatistical analysis of soil properties of mid-west Taiwan soils. Soil Science, 162(4): 291–298.Dalal R C, Allen D E, Chan K Y, et al. 2011. Soil organic matter, soil health and climate change. Soil Health and Climate Change, 29(2): 87–106.Pan Y X, Wang X P, Su Y G, et al. 2007. Variability characteristic of surface soil moisture content in sand areas covered by different vegetation types. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 21(5): 106–109.Petrone R M, Price J S, Carey S K, et al. 2004. Statistical characteri¬zation of the spatial variability of soil moisture in a cutover peatland. Hydrological Processes, 18(1): 41–52. Qin R, Cui C X, Luo J, et al. 2006. Analysis on secular variation of air humidity and precipitation in the Shihezi Oasis. Bimonthly of Xinjiang Meteorology, 29(3): 6–8.Reeves D W. 1997. The role of soil organic matter in maintaining soil quality in continuous cropping systems. Soil and Tillage Research, 43(1–2): 131–167.Trangmar B B, Yost R S, Uehara G. 1986. Application of geostatistics to spatial studies of soil properties. Advances in Agronomy, 38: 45–94.Wang H, Gong P, Liu G H. 2006. Multi-scale spatial variations in soil salt in the Yellow River Delta. Geographical Research, 25(4): 649–658.Western A W, Bloschl G, Grayson R B. 1998. Geostatistical characteri¬sation of soil moisture patterns in the Tarrawarra catchment. Journal of Hydrology, 205: 20–37.Williams C J, McNamara J P, Chandler D G. 2009. Controls on the temporal and spatial variability of soil moisture in a mountainous landscape: the signature of snow and complex terrain. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 13(7): 1325–1336.Yang Z P, Yang H, Xu X L, et al. 2010. Spatial heterogeneity of soil moisture and vegetation coverage of alpine grassland in permafrost area of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Journal of Natural Resources, 25(3): 426–434.Zhang B, Zhang H, Zhang K, et al. 2007. Study on spatial diversi¬fication of soil moisture content of oasis and oasis-desert ecotone in the middle reaches of the Heihe River. Geographical Research, 26(2): 321–327.
2012, Vol. 4 
