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| Characterizing urban expansion of Korla City and its spatial-temporal patterns using remote sensing and GIS methods |
| MAIMAITI Bumairiyemu1,2,3,4, Jianli DING1,2,*, SIMAYI Zibibula1,2,4, KASIMU Alimujiang5 |
1 College of Resource and Environment Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
2 Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
3 Key Laboratory of Wisdom City and Environment Modeling of Colleges and Universities, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
4 School of Management, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
5 School of Geographic Science and Tourism, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China |
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Abstract Cities provide spatial contexts for populations and economic activities. Determining the spatial-temporal patterns of urban expansion is of particular significance for regional sustainable development. To achieve a better understanding of the spatial-temporal patterns of urban expansion of Korla City, we explore the urban expansion characteristics of Korla City over the period 1995-2015 by employing Landsat TM/ETM+ images of 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2015. Urban land use types were classified using the supervised classification method in ENVI 4.5. Urban expansion indices, such as expansion area, expansion proportion, expansion speed, expansion intensity, compactness, and fractal dimension, were calculated. The spatial-temporal patterns and evolution process of the urban expansion (e.g., urban gravity center and its direction of movement) were then quantitatively analyzed. The results indicated that, over the past 25 years, the area and proportion of urban land increased substantially with an average annual growth rate of 15.18%. Farmland and unused land were lost greatly due to the urban expansion. This result might be attributable to the rapid population growth and the dramatic economic development in this area. The city extended to the southeast, and the urban gravity center shifted to the southeast as well by about 2118 m. The degree of urban compactness tended to decrease and the fractal dimension index tended to increase, indicating that the spatial pattern of Korla City was becoming loose, complex, and unstable. This study could provide a scientific reference for the studies on urban expansion of oasis cities in arid land.
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Received: 14 August 2016
Published: 10 May 2017
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Corresponding Authors:
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