Environmental interpretation of spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of land use functions: A study based on the XGBoost-SHAP model

FENG Haoyuan, ZHANG Xuebin, SHI Peiji, SHI Jing, WANG Ziyang

Journal of Arid Land . 2025, (10): 1378 -1401 . DOI: 10.1007/s40333-025-0058-y