| Research article |
|
|
|
|
| Application and verification of simultaneous determination of cellulose δ13C and δ18O in Picea shrenkiana tree rings from northwestern China using the high-temperature pyrolysis method |
Guobao XU1,*( ), Xiaohong LIU1,2, Weizhen SUN1, Tuo CHEN1, Xuanwen ZHANG1, Xiaomin ZENG2,3, Guoju WU1, Wenzhi WANG4, Dahe QIN1 |
1 State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
2 School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
3 Department of Geology and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
4 Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China |
|
|
|
Abstract Stable isotopes in tree-ring cellulose provide important data in ecological, archaeological, and paleoenvironmental researches, thereby, the demand for stable isotope analyses is increasing rapidly. Simultaneous measurement of cellulose δ13C and δ18O values from tree rings would reduce the cost of isotopic commodities and improve the analytical efficiency compared with conventional separate measurement. In this study, we compared the δ13C and δ18O values of tree-ring α-cellulose from Tianshan spruce (Picea schrenkiana) in an arid site in the drainage basin of the Urumqi River in Xinjiang of northwestern China based on separate and simultaneous measurements, using the combustion method (at 1050°C) and the high-temperature pyrolysis method (at 1350°C and 1400°C). We verified the results of simultaneous measurement using the outputs from separate measurement and found that both methods (separate and simultaneous) produced similar δ13C values. The two-point calibrated method improved the results (range and variation) of δ13C and δ18O values. The mean values, standard deviations, and trends of the tree-ring δ13C obtained by the combustion method were similar to those by the pyrolysis method followed by two-point calibration. The simultaneously measured δ18O from the pyrolysis method at 1400°C had a nearly constant offset with that the pyrolysis method at 1350°C due to isotopic-dependence on the reaction temperature. However, they showed similar variations in the time series. The climate responses inferred from simultaneously and separately measured δ13C and δ18O did not differ between the two methods. The tree-ring δ13C and δ18O values were negatively correlated with standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index from May to August. In addition, the δ18O was significantly correlated with temperature (positive), precipitation (negative), and relative humidity (negative) from May to August. The tree-ring δ13C and δ18O values determined simultaneously through the high-temperature pyrolysis method could produce acceptable and reliable stable isotope series. The simultaneous isotopic measurement can greatly reduce the cost and time requirement compared with the separate isotopic measurement. These results are consistent with the previous studies at humid sites, suggesting that the simultaneous determination of δ13C and δ18O in tree-ring α-cellulose can be used in wide regions.
|
|
Received: 21 January 2018
Published: 07 November 2018
|
|
Corresponding Authors:
|
| Cite this article:
Guobao XU, Xiaohong LIU, Weizhen SUN, Tuo CHEN, Xuanwen ZHANG, Xiaomin ZENG, Guoju WU, Wenzhi WANG, Dahe QIN. Application and verification of simultaneous determination of cellulose δ13C and δ18O in Picea shrenkiana tree rings from northwestern China using the high-temperature pyrolysis method. Journal of Arid Land, 2018, 10(6): 864-876.
URL:
http://jal.xjegi.com/10.1007/s40333-018-0070-6 OR http://jal.xjegi.com/Y2018/V10/I6/864
|
|
|
| [1] | Altieri S, Mereu S, Cherubini P, et al.2015. Tree-ring carbon and oxygen isotopes indicate different water use strategies in three mediterranean shrubs at Capo Caccia (Sardinia, Italy). Trees-Structure and Function, 29(5): 1593-1603. | | [2] | Andreu-Hayles L, Planells O, Gutiérrez E, et al.2011. Long tree-ring chronologies reveal 20th century increases in water-use efficiency but no enhancement of tree growth at five Iberian pine forests. Global Change Biology, 17(6): 2095-2112. | | [3] | Babst F, Alexander M R, Szejner P, et al.2014. A tree-ring perspective on the terrestrial carbon cycle. Oecologia, 176(2): 307-322. | | [4] | Dawson T E, Siegwolf R T W.2007. Using stable isotopes as indicators, tracers, and recorders of ecological change: Some context and background. Terrestrial Ecology, 1: 1, 3-18. | | [5] | Evans M N, Selmer K J, Breeden B T, et al.2016. Correction algorithm for online continuous flow δ13C and δ18O carbonate and cellulose stable isotope analyses. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 17(9): 3580-3588. | | [6] | Farquhar G D, O'Leary M H, Berry J A.1982. On the relationship between carbon isotope discrimination and the intercellular carbon dioxide concentration in leaves. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 9: 121-137. | | [7] | Feng X, Epstein S.1996. Climatic trends from isotopic records of tree rings: The past 100-200 years. Climatic Change, 33(4): 551-562. | | [8] | Frank D C, Poulter B, Saurer M, et al.2015. Water-use efficiency and transpiration across European forests during the anthropocene. Nature Climate Change, 5(6): 579-583. | | [9] | Gagen M, Finsinger W, Wagner-Cremer F, et al.2011. Evidence of changing intrinsic water-use efficiency under rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations in boreal fennoscandia from subfossil leaves and tree ring δ13C ratios. Global Change Biology, 17(2): 1064-1072. | | [10] | Hafner P, Robertson I, McCarroll D, et al.2011. Climate signals in the ring widths and stable carbon, hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition of Larix decidua growing at the forest limit in the southeastern European Alps. Trees-Structure and Function, 25(6): 1141-1154. | | [11] | Keel S G, Joos F, Spahni R, et al.2016. Simulating oxygen isotope ratios in tree ring cellulose using a dynamic global vegetation model. Biogeosciences, 13(13): 3869-3886. | | [12] | Keller K M, Lienert S, Bozbiyik A, et al.2017. 20th century changes in carbon isotopes and water-use efficiency: tree-ring-based evaluation of the CLM4.5 and LPX-Bern models. Biogeosciences, 14(10): 2641-2673. | | [13] | K?usek M, Pawe?czyk S.2014. Stable carbon isotope analysis of subfossil wood from Austrian Alps. Geochronometria, 41(4): 400-408. | | [14] | Kn?ller K, Boettger T, Weise S M, et al.2005. Carbon isotope analyses of cellulose using two different on-line techniques (elemental analysis and high-temperature pyrolysis)—a comparison. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 19(3): 343-348. | | [15] | Laumer W, Andreu L, Helle G, et al.2009. A novel approach for the homogenization of cellulose to use micro-amounts for stable isotope analyses. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 23(13): 1934-1940. | | [16] | Lavergne A, Daux V, Villalba R, et al.2017. Improvement of isotope-based climate reconstructions in patagonia through a better understanding of climate influences on isotopic fractionation in tree rings. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 459: 372-380. | | [17] | Leavitt S W.2010. Tree-ring C-H-O isotope variability and sampling. Science of the Total Environment, 408(22): 5244-5253. | | [18] | Leavitt S W, Treydte K, Liu Y.2010. Environment in time and space: opportunities from tree-ring isotope networks. In: West J, Bowen G, Dawson T, et al. Isoscapes.Dordrecht: Springer, 113-135. | | [19] | Leuenberger M C, Filot M S.2007. Temperature dependencies of high-temperature reduction on conversion products and their isotopic signatures. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 21(10): 1587-1598. | | [20] | Liu X, An W, Leavitt S W, et al.2014. Recent strengthening of correlations between tree-ring δ13C and δ18O in mesic western China: Implications to climatic reconstruction and physiological responses. Global and Planetary Change, 113: 23-33. | | [21] | Liu Y, Cobb K M, Song H, et al.2017. Recent enhancement of central pacific El ni?o variability relative to last eight centuries. Nature Communications, 8: 15386, doi: 10.1038/ncomms15386. | | [22] | Loader N J, Robertson I, Switsur V R, et al.1997. An improved technique for the batch processing of small wholewood samples to α-cellulose. Chemical Geology, 136(3-4): 313-317. | | [23] | Loader N J, Street-Perrott F A, Daley T J, et al.2015. Simultaneous determination of stable carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen isotopes in cellulose. Analytical Chemistry, 87(1): 376-380. | | [24] | McCarroll D, Loader N J.2004. Stable isotopes in tree rings. Quaternary Science Reviews, 23(7-8): 771-801. | | [25] | McCarroll D, Gagen M H, Loader N J, et al.2009. Correction of tree ring stable carbon isotope chronologies for changes in the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 73(6): 1539-1547. | | [26] | McCarroll D.2010. Erratum to D, McCarroll, M, Gagen, N, Loader, I, Robertson, K, Anchukaitis, S, Los, G, Young, R, Jalkanen, A, Kirchhefer, J.Waterhouse (2009), "Correction of tree ring stable carbon isotope chronologies for changes in the carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere", Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 73, 1539-1547. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 74(10): 3040, doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2009.12.031. | | [27] | McCarroll D, Tuovinen M, Campbell R, et al.2011. A critical evaluation of multi-proxy dendroclimatology in northern Finland. Journal of Quaternary Science, 26(1): 7-14. | | [28] | Roden J S, Lin G, Ehleringer J R.2000. A mechanistic model for interpretation of hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios in tree-ring cellulose. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 64(1): 21-35. | | [29] | Roden J S, Farquhar G D.2012. A controlled test of the dual-isotope approach for the interpretation of stable carbon and oxygen isotope ratio variation in tree rings. Tree Physiology, 32(4): 490-503. | | [30] | Saurer M, Siegenthaler U, Schweingruber F.1995. The climate-carbon isotope relationship in tree rings and the significance of site conditions. Tellus B, 47(3): 320-330. | | [31] | Saurer M, Spahni R, Frank D C, et al.2014. Spatial variability and temporal trends in water-use efficiency of European forests. Global Change Biology, 20(12): 3700-3712. | | [32] | Scheidegger Y, Saurer M, Bahn M, et al.2000. Linking stable oxygen and carbon isotopes with stomatal conductance and photosynthetic capacity: a conceptual model. Oecologia, 125(3): 350-357. | | [33] | Schleser G H, Helle G, Lücke A, et al.1999. Isotope signals as climate proxies: the role of transfer functions in the study of terrestrial archives. Quaternary Science Reviews, 18(7): 927-943. | | [34] | Stokes M A, Smiley T L.1968. An Introduction to Tree-ring Dating. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1-61. | | [35] | Treydte K, Frank D, Esper J, et al.2007. Signal strength and climate calibration of a European tree-ring isotope network. Geophysical Research Letters, 34(24): L24302, doi: 10.1029/2007gl031106. | | [36] | Vicente-Serrano S M, Beguería S, López-Moreno J I.2010. A multiscalar drought index sensitive to global warming: the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index. Journal of Climate, 23(7): 1696-1718. | | [37] | Wang W, Liu X, Xu G, et al.2013. Moisture variations over the past millennium characterized by qaidam basin tree-ring δ18O. Chinese Science Bulletin, 58(32): 3956-3961. | | [38] | Werner C, Schnyder H, Cuntz M, et al.2012. Progress and challenges in using stable isotopes to trace plant carbon and water relations across scales. Biogeosciences, 9(8): 3083-3111. | | [39] | Woodley E J, Loader N J, McCarroll D, et al.2012. High-temperature pyrolysis/gas chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry: simultaneous measurement of the stable isotopes of oxygen and carbon in cellulose. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 26(2): 109-114. | | [40] | Xu G.2014. Climatic significance of stable oxygen (δ18O) in tree-ring in north part of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. PhD Dissertation. Beijing: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. (in Chinese) | | [41] | Xu G, Liu X, Qin D, et al.2014. Drought history inferred from tree ring δ13C and δ18O in the central Tianshan Mountains of China and linkage with the North Atlantic Oscillation. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 116(3-4): 385-401. | | [42] | Young G H F, Loader N J, McCarroll D.2011. A large scale comparative study of stable carbon isotope ratios determined using on-line combustion and low-temperature pyrolysis techniques. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 300(1-4): 23-28. |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
