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Journal of Arid Land
Journal of Arid Land  2021, Vol. 13 Issue (11): 1155-1162    DOI: 10.1007/s40333-021-0025-1
Research article     
Elevated CO2 increases shoot growth but not root growth and C:N:P stoichiometry of Suaeda aralocaspica plants
WANG Lei1,2,*(), FAN Lianlian1,3, JIANG Li1,2, TIAN Changyan1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
2University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
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Abstract  

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the eco-physiological responses, in terms of growth and C:N:P stoichiometry of plants cultured from dimorphic seeds of a single-cell C4 annual Suaeda aralocaspica (Bunge) Freitag and Schütze under elevated CO2. A climatic chamber experiment was conducted to examine the effects of ambient (720 μg/L) and CO2-enriched (1440 μg/L) treatments on these responses in S. aralocaspica at vegetative and reproductive stages in 2012. Result showed that elevated CO2 significantly increased shoot dry weight, but decreased N:P ratio at both growth stages. Plants grown from dimorphic seeds did not exhibit significant differences in growth and C:N:P stoichiometric characteristics. The transition from vegetation to reproductive stage significantly increased shoot:root ratio, N and P contents, but decreased C:N, C:P and N:P ratios, and did not affect shoot dry weight. Moreover, our results indicate that the changes in N:P and C:N ratios between ambient and elevated CO2 are mainly caused by the decrease of N content under elevated CO2. These results provide an insight into nutritional metabolism of single-cell C4 plants under climate change.

Key words： biomass      CO2 elevation      C:N:P stoichiometry      seed heteromorphism      Suaeda aralocaspica     
Received: 23 August 2021      Published: 10 November 2021
Corresponding Authors: WANG Lei (E-mail: egiwang@ms.xjb.ac.cn)
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WANG Lei
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WANG Lei, FAN Lianlian, JIANG Li, TIAN Changyan. Elevated CO2 increases shoot growth but not root growth and C:N:P stoichiometry of Suaeda aralocaspica plants. Journal of Arid Land, 2021, 13(11): 1155-1162.

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http://jal.xjegi.com/10.1007/s40333-021-0025-1     OR     http://jal.xjegi.com/Y2021/V13/I11/1155

Fig. 1 Effects of elevated CO2 on shoot dry weight (a and b), root dry weight (c and d), and shoot:root ratio (e and f) in plants grown from dimorphic seeds of Suaeda aralocaspica at vegetative and reproductive stages. * indicates significant difference between ambient and elevated CO2 treatments at P<0.05 level.
Fig. 2 Effects of elevated CO2 on C content (a and b), N content (c and d), P content (e and f) in shoots of plants grown from dimorphic seeds of Suaeda aralocaspica at vegetative and reproductive stages. * indicates significant difference between ambient and elevated CO2 treatments at P<0.05 level.
Fig. 3 Effects of elevated CO2 on C:N ratio (a and b), C:P ratio (c and d), and N:P ratio (e and f) in shoots of plants grown from dimorphic seeds of Suaeda aralocaspica at vegetative and reproductive stages. * indicates significant difference between ambient and elevated CO2 treatments at P<0.05 level.
Growth stage Index CO2 Plant type CO2×Plant type
F P F P F P
Vegetative Shoot 474.824 0.000* 0.031 0.864 0.034 0.858
Root 0.046 0.839 4.020 0.073 0.016 0.902
Shoot:root ratio 1.996 0.217 2.012 0.186 0.075 0.790
C 0.897 0.387 0.003 0.956 0.947 0.353
N 6.187 0.055 1.553 0.241 0.082 0.781
P 4.076 0.099 1.679 0.224 0.002 0.963
C:N ratio 6.031 0.058 2.021 0.186 0.132 0.724
C:P ratio 3.937 0.104 1.398 0.264 0.111 0.746
N:P ratio 28.070 0.003* 0.714 0.418 0.108 0.749
Reproductive Shoot 51.556 0.001* 0.024 0.880 0.367 0.558
Root 0.660 0.454 0.069 0.798 0.001 0.972
Shoot:root ratio 4.184 0.096 0.483 0.503 0.737 0.411
C 0.034 0.861 0.022 0.884 0.163 0.695
N 1.652 0.255 0.026 0.876 0.791 0.395
P 0.565 0.486 3.404 0.095 0.397 0.543
C:N ratio 0.967 0.371 2.448 0.149 0.698 0.423
C:P ratio 1.434 0.285 0.001 0.982 0.147 0.710
N:P ratio 16.494 0.010* 4.097 0.070 0.001 0.971
Table S1 Split plot variance analysis of the effects of elevated CO2, plant type and their interactions on growth and C:N:P ratio
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