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Journal of Arid Land  2021, Vol. 13 Issue (11): 1089-1102    DOI: 10.1007/s40333-021-0112-3
Research article     
A bibliometric analysis of carbon exchange in global drylands
LIU Zhaogang1,2, CHEN Zhi1,2,3,*(), YU Guirui1,2,3, ZHANG Tianyou4, YANG Meng1,2
1Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3Yanshan Earth Critical Zone and Surface Fluxes Research Station, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
4College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Abstract  

Drylands refer to regions with an aridity index lower than 0.65, and billions of people depend on services provided by the critically important ecosystems in these areas. How ecosystem carbon exchange in global drylands (CED) occurs and how climate change affects CED are critical to the global carbon cycle. Here, we performed a comprehensive bibliometric study on the fields of annual publications, marked journals, marked institutions, marked countries, popular keywords, and their temporal evolution to understand the temporal trends of CED research over the past 30 a (1991-2020). We found that the annual scientific publications on CED research increased significantly at an average growth rate of 7.93%. Agricultural Water Management ranked first among all journals and had the most citations. The ten most productive institutions were centered on drylands in America, China, and Australia that had the largest number and most citations of publications on CED research. "Climate change" and climate-related (such as "drought", "precipitation", "temperature", and "rainfall") research were found to be the most popular study areas. Keywords were classified into five clusters, indicating the five main research focuses on CED studies: hydrological cycle, effects of climate change, carbon and water balance, productivity, and carbon-nitrogen-phosphorous coupling cycles. The temporal evolution of keywords further showed that the areas of focus on CED studies were transformed from classical pedology and agricultural research to applied ecology and then to global change ecological research over the past 30 a. In future CED studies, basic themes (such as "water", "yield", and "salinity") and motor themes (such as "climate change", "sustainability", and "remote sensing") will be the focus of research on CED. In particular, multiple integrated methods to understand climate change and ecosystem sustainability are potential new research trends and hotspots.



Key wordsbibliometric analysis      drylands      carbon exchange      climate change      arid areas      water resources      sustainability     
Received: 01 July 2021      Published: 10 November 2021
Corresponding Authors: CHEN Zhi     E-mail: chenz@igsnrr.ac.cn
Cite this article:

LIU Zhaogang, CHEN Zhi, YU Guirui, ZHANG Tianyou, YANG Meng. A bibliometric analysis of carbon exchange in global drylands. Journal of Arid Land, 2021, 13(11): 1089-1102.

URL:

http://jal.xjegi.com/10.1007/s40333-021-0112-3     OR     http://jal.xjegi.com/Y2021/V13/I11/1089

Description Result
Timespan 1991-2020
Sources (journals, books, etc.) 1516
Publications 11,360
Keywords 24,251
Authors 31,636
Annual years from publication (a) 9.45
Average citations per publication 22.63
Author appearances 50,327
Authors of single authored publications 597
Authors of multi authored publications 31,039
Publications per author 0.36
Authors per publication 2.78
Coauthors per publication 4.43
Collaboration index 2.91
Table 1 Main information regarding the collection
Fig. 1 Annual scientific production of publications on carbon exchange in global dryland (CED) research (a) and mean number of citations per publication (b) from 1991 to 2020
Journal Publications Journal Total citations
Agricultural Water Management 356 Agricultural Water Management 7884
Journal of Arid Environments 329 Agronomy Journal 7089
Field Crops Research 204 Global Change Biology 6644
Agronomy Journal 188 Field Crops Research 6185
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 161 Science 6000
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 132 Soil Science Society of America Journal 5756
Soil & Tillage Research 130 Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 5713
Science of the Total Environment 128 Journal of Arid Environments 5618
Agricultural Systems 109 Nature 5568
Global Change Biology 97 Plant and Soil 5391
Plant and Soil 96 Oecologia 5024
PLoS ONE 89 Soil Biology and Biochemistry 5006
Industrial Crops and Products 88 Ecology 4949
Journal of Dairy Science 88 Soil & Tillage Research 4135
Water 86 Remote Sensing of Environment 3780
Sustainability 85 Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 3666
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 78 Crop Science Water Resources Research 3639
Scientific Reports 74 Journal of Hydrology 3431
Oecologia 72 Proceedings of the National Academy of the Sciences of the United States of America 3405
Crop & Pasture Science 72 New Phytologist 3372
Table 2 Top 20 most productive and cited journals with the publications of carbon exchange in global dryland (CED) during the period of 1991-2020
Fig. 2 Temporal trend of publications for the top five marked journals on CED research. (a), Agricultural Water Management; (b), Journal of Arid Environments; (c), Field Crops Research; (d), Agronomy Journal; (e), Agricultural and Forest Meteorology.
Country Institution Publications
China Northwest A&F University 596
China China Agricultural University 375
America Colorado State University 325
America University of Arizona 321
Australia The University of Western Australia 308
China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 286
America Washington State University 280
China Lanzhou University 272
India International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics 264
China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences 244
Table 3 Top ten most marked institutions
Fig. 3 Top ten most cited countries (a) and top ten most relevant countries by the corresponding authors (b) related to CED research
Fig. 4 Top 50 keywords represented by the wordcloud. Labels are usually single words, and the frequency of each label is shown with font size and colour.
Fig. 5 Co-occurrence network of the top 50 keywords. The size of the circle represents the frequency of the keyword; the larger the circle is, the higher the frequency. The lines between two circles indicate the relationships between two keywords; the thicker the line is, the closer the relationship between two keywords. Different colours represent different clusters, indicating that these keywords appear more frequently in the same publication. Red cluster, productivity; dark blue cluster, hydrological cycle; green cluster, effects of climate change; purple cluster, carbon and water balance; orange cluster, carbon-nitrogen-phosphorous coupling cycles.
Fig. 6 Temporal evolution of popular keywords in regard to CED studies. The horizontal axis indicates the time period, and boxes of different colors indicate different keywords. The size of each box represents the frequency during the time period. The lines between each box reflect the temporal evolution, transfer, and inheritance of keywords.
Basic themes Frequency Motor themes Frequency
Productivity 119 Sustainability 89
Photosynthesis 156 Eddy covariance 90
Biomass 157 Arid 90
Salinity 174 Remote sensing 99
Water 187 Production 102
Evapotranspiration 198 Agriculture 106
Yield 216 Climate 108
Water use efficiency 223 Grazing 114
Irrigation 228 Semi-arid 263
Drought 267 Climate change 395
Table 4 Basic information of the thematic analysis on CED research
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